Unit 4
Gases, Intermolecular Forces and Properties to Solutions
Period 1 Calendar
Period 9 Calendar
Chapter 10: Gases
10.1+2 Characteristics of gases and pressure
Objectives:
SW describe the properties of gases, define what pressure is, convert between the various units that are used (atm, mm HG, torr, Pa, kPa) and analyze how a manometer works.
Videos:
Optional videos: Example use of a manometer in a home
10.3 PVT Relationships
Objectives:
SW describe and apply the relationships between pressure, volume, temperature and moles to solve combined gas law problems.
Videos
Pressure, Volume, Temperature and Mole Relationships (edpuzzle)
Text (includes 10.4 Ideal Gas Laws)
10.4 Ideal gas laws
Objectives:
SW solve Ideal Gas Law problems using the PV=nRT equation.
Videos
Optional videos
10.5 Applying gas laws
Objectives:
SW apply the ideal gas law equation to solve for various other things including; the identity of a gas based on its density and vice versa and apply it to stoichiometric analysis.
Resources:
Text (includes 10.6 Gas Mixtures and Partial Pressures)
10.6 Gas mixtures and Partial Pressure
Objectives:
SW apply Dalton’s law of partial pressures to solve for abundances of various gases in a mixture, and solve for gases being collected over water problems.
Resources
10.7 KMT and RMS speed
Objectives:
Describe the features of KMT and how they explain the behavior of gases.
Describe the significance of RMS speed and how its affected by temperature
10.8 Effusion/diffusion and Graham's law
Objectives:
Determine the relative rates of effusion for different gases according to Graham’s Law.
Explain the significance of diffusion and ‘mean free path’
Optional Videos:
10.9 Real Gases
Objectives:
SW describe how real gases deviate from ideal gases and under what conditions a gas is going to behave the ‘most ideal’.
Explain the significance of the van der Waals equation
Helpful Videos: Real gases (vs. Ideal gases)
Chapter 11: Intermolecular Attractive Forces (solids/liquids)
11.1+2 Intermolecular Attractive Forces (IMAF's)
Objectives:
SW identify the physical differences between liquids and solids.
SW compare the different types of attractive forces, determine when they would be present and predict their physical properties based on the IMAF present.
Resources
Helpful Video: Major IMAF’s
Cool Video: Soap and IMAF’s
11.3+4 Phase Changes
Objectives:
SW describe the underlying causes for viscosity and surface tension.
SW describe what is happening on an atomic level during various phase changes, interpret heating/cooling curves and calculate the energy changes associated with them.
Resources
Helpful video:
Cool Video: Cool ice cutting experiment
Heating Curve video (play in reverse for cooling curve!)
11.5 Vapor pressure
Objectives:
SW explain vapor pressure on a molecular level, how it relates to a substance's boiling point and interpret charts for vapor pressure vs. temperature.
Text (Early part of the reading)
Cool videos:
11.6 Phase Diagrams
Objectives:
SW interpret phase diagrams, predicting phases under varying conditions, what phase changes will occur with a change in various conditions and identify triple point, critical temperature and critical pressure.
Helpful video(s)
Cool videos:
Challenge: Explain why ice does this, referencing its phase diagram.
DOUBLE CHALLENGE: Mr. Donohue is skeptical that regealation is actually occurring in the video. Pick a side and support your argument.
12.1-7 structure of solids + bonding in solids (11.7+8 in 9th edition)
Objectives:
SW explain the atomic structure of solids in terms of the various cubic unit cells and apply trigonometry to determine the dimensions of a unit cell. SW describe the different types of solids in terms of their structure and their properties that arise as a result.
Resources
Video: Cubic Structure of Solids (edpuzzle)
Text: Lattice Structures (stop after Example 10.15)
Video: Types of Solids (edpuzzle)
Text: Bonding of Solids
Helpful Videos
Cool videos:
Chapter 13: Properties of Solutions
13.1+2 process of dissolving
Objectives:
SW describe what occurs during the process of dissolving at a molecular level, explain the underlying properties that determine if two things will be soluble and the enthalpy and entropy changes with such a process.
SW describe solutions as being unsaturated, saturated or supersaturated and the differences between these conditions.
Use Solubility Curves to describe solutions in terms of: Saturated, Unsaturated, Supersaturated
Resources
Videos
Optional Videos
Text:
Review: Electrolytes
Saturated Solutions and Solubility (first part of the text)
13.3 Factors affecting solubility
Objectives:
SW explain how various factors affect solubility, including pressure, type of IMAF and temperature. (including Henry’s Law Cg=kPg)
SW predict the degree of solubility for various solutes in various solvents based on their knowledge of each attractive force.
SW analyze solubility charts to determine qualitative and quantitative information about a solution.
Resources
Video: Factors Affecting Solubility (edpuzzle)
13.4 Concentrations
Objectives:
SW express and convert between various units of concentrations including; mass percent, ppm, ppb, mole fraction, molarity, molality and density.
Resources
13.5 Colligative Properties
Objectives:
SW explain how various properties of a solution change with concentration, including boiling point, freezing point, osmotic pressure and vapor pressure.
SW quantitatively determine the degree to which these properties are affected.
Resources
Cool video: How salt decreases the freezing point
13.6 colloids